Modern elevators were developed during the s. These crude elevators slowly evolved from steam driven to hydraulic power. The first hydraulic elevators were designed using water pressure as the source of power. They were used for conveying materials in factories, warehouses and mines.
Hydraulic elevators were often used in European factories. Otis established a company for manufacturing elevators and went on to dominate the elevator industry.
Today the Otis Elevator Factory is the world's largest manufacturer of vertical transport systems. Motor technology and control methods evolved rapidly and electricity quickly became the accepted source of power.
The safety and speed of these elevators were significantly enhanced. The first electric elevator was built by the German inventor Wener Von Siemens in The company remained at this location until the s, when its operations were moved to a building at Payne Avenue. In the s, Otis Elevator began diversifying its product offerings. The crane division was more successful than the fork lift manufactory, and the Otis Baker division was disbanded in According to the writings of Vitruvius, the Greek mathematician Archimedes created a primitive elevator in B.
In ancient Rome, a subterranean complex of rooms, animal pens and tunnels stood beneath the Colosseum. At various intervals, elevators powered by hundreds of men using winches and counterweights brought gladiators and large animals up through vertical shafts into the arena for battle. At the sound of a bell, a table would rise from the kitchen below into the dining room with an elaborate meal, including all of the necessary accoutrements.
By the midth century, elevators powered by steam or water were available for sale, but the ropes they relied upon could be worn out or destroyed and were not, therefore, generally trusted for passenger travel.
Elisha Otis, an American inventor, demonstrated a new safety device in that could prevent an elevator from crashing if a cable broke. Otis created an elevator manufacturing company in and obtained a patent for a steam elevator in His invention of an elevator brake made it possible to build skyscrapers.
His company began to manufacture passenger elevators in The first steam-powered elevator was installed in Manhattan in the five-store E. Electric elevators became more common in the late 19th century. German inventor Werner von Siemens created the first electric elevator in
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