If the top layer is aqueous, the water droplets should mix with the top layer, and they will look as if they disappear. If the bottom layer is aqueous, the water droplets will fall through the top layer to mix with the bottom layer as indicated by an arrow in Figure 4. If it is difficult to track where the water droplets go, also keep track of the volume of the layers: whichever layer increases with the addition of water is the aqueous layer.
Consider relative volumes of aqueous and organic solvents, based on quantities used in the experiment. If these were the quantities used in an experiment, the aqueous layer would have to be the lower layer as it is so much larger. Although unequivocal in this case, it is important to know that the odd shape of the separatory funnel may cause you to misjudge volumes. A separatory funnel with equal volumes of aqueous and organic layers is shown in Figure 4.
Montes, I. Do not try to transport these chemicals in the separatory funnels when you retrieve this demo. They are top-heavy and likely to tip over. Take a few moments after class to separate the fractions back into their respective flasks.
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The custom demos section of the website is used by UO chemistry instructors to schedule demonstrations that are not listed in the database. Do not proceed to schedule a custom demo unless you have already conferred with the lecture demonstrator about it. Contact: Randy Sullivan, smrandy uoregon. Skip to main content. UO Home Dept Index. You are here Home ». Curriculum Notes. Instructional Objectives 1.
Identify the major types of IMFs in solutions and their relative strengths. Lead Time. One day of lead time is required for this project. Allow about 10 minutes for this demo. Be sure that the stopcocks on the separatory funnels are closed. Using a funnel, pour the purple aqueous solution of potassium permanganate into one of the separatory funnels.
Pour the pure hexane into the funnel containing the aqueous solution of potassium permanganate. Place the glass stoppers in the separatory funnels and shake them. Vent them to prevent the buildup of hexane vapor pressure. Be sure that the funnel is not pointing at any one when you vent it. Skip to Content. Organic solvents with densities greater than and less than that of the aqueous solution are used to extract the iodine. The aqueous solution of food color is blue. Iodine in water is yellow, and when added to the food color the result is a green solution.
When this aqueous solution is extracted with organic solvents hexane and dichloromethane , the iodine is drawn into the organic layer, leaving a blue aqueous layer and turning the organic layer purple. Take care not to get solutions on skin.
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